Elements of Art and Principles of Design in Photography

Line: Marks made by a pointed tool: brush, pencil, pen. Lines can vary in width, direction, curvature, length, or color.

Shape: Formed wherever the ends of a continuous line meet.

Color: 

Value:  One, refers to dark and light; the value scale refers to black and white with all gradations of gray in between.

Form:  Describes objects that are three-dimensional, having length, width, and height.

Texture: Texture refers to the surface quality, both simulated and actual, of artwork.

Space: Distances or areas around, between, or within components of a piece. Space can be positive (white or light) or  negative (black or dark), open or closed,shallow or deep, and two-dimensional or three-dimensional.

 Balance:  The comfortable or pleasing arrangement of things in art.

 Contrast: Created by using elements that conflict with one another.

Emphasis: The focal area of an artwork gives it importance. 

Movement: In an artwork means the artist is taking viewers on a trip through the work by means of lines, edges, shapes, and colors often leading to the focal area.  Movement is a visual flow through the composition.

Pattern: Are made in art when the same shapes or elements are repeated again and again.

Rhythm: Is the repetition of shapes, lines, and forms.  Rhythm is a movement in which some elements recurs regularly.